The Role of Women in Japan and Middle East Research Paper

The Role of Women in Japan and Middle East - Research Paper Example This exposition will examine the effect of globalization on various kinds of families in various social orders and societies. The terms ‘traditional’, ‘modern’ and ‘postmodern’ will be characterized, expounded upon and talked about on a continuum of progress. Social change, even with globalization, will be talked about with connection to how societies and families have developed or opposed the powers of globalization. We presently go to an investigation of the sorts of families on the planet and follow with a compact portrayal of the American group of today. Extending from ‘traditional’ to ‘postmodern’, there are an assortment of family shapes in this world. For the hypothetical motivations behind this exposition, a family will be characterized as â€Å"two or more individuals who are seeing someone by birth, marriage or choice.† (Roopnarine and Gielen 33). There are a huge number of family structures and family types over the globe and the worldwide family is a social unit in a consistent condition of development. The ‘traditional’ family is a hetero, family unit headed by two guardians in which the spouse is the essential provider and the wife is the homemaker. On the extreme left half of the continuum of progress, the customary family unit model is far reaching over the globe and speaks to a conventional gendered division of work, both inside the house just as outside of the home. In the Western world, the conventional model is turning out to be less and less reasonable the same number of families require the wages of the two guardians. Women’s expanded training and work possibilities have made the change from the customary model to the advanced familial model increasingly more predominant in present day Western culture (Bossen 128-133; Roopnarine and Gielen 32-34). Likewise with the customary family, the ‘modern family’ is atomic as in it includes the dwelling together of two hetero accomplices however contrasts in that it includes double

Pros and Cons of Minimum Wage Free Essays

Geniuses 1. Diminished destitution The lowest pay permitted by law can improve the expectation for everyday comforts of low-pay laborers, which at last lessen neediness. As per the International Labor Office (2005), lessening neediness and working destitution requires both profitability development and business creation. We will compose a custom exposition test on Upsides and downsides of Minimum Wage or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now The World Development Report 2004-05 likewise expressed that there is solid experimental proof that making not too bad work openings is the most ideal approach to remove individuals from destitution. Subsequently, the riches hole between the rich and poor people can be limited. The Keynesian contention for least wages †this recommends lower-pay laborers have a high inclination to devour, and that with the additional discretionary cashflow from the lowest pay permitted by law, they will spend a high bit the whole which will be infused once again into the roundabout progression of salary. In districts and areas where normal livelihoods are low, a higher least compensation rate can help all out interest for merchandise and enterprises and make a constructive multiplier impact †yet much relies upon the impact of a compensation floor on what number of individuals stay in work. . Diminished government spending on social government assistance Since laborers are being paid more every hour, their expanded buying power empower them to meet compensation for their fundamental needs all alone, without depending on government â€Å"top-up† government assistance benefits. Accordingly, this can incredibly lessen the administration consumption on the social government assistance, and the spending can be utilized in different manners, for example, training and drug. Cons 1. Decreased work of the less-talented laborers Usage of the lowest pay permitted by law can decrease the work of the less-talented specialists (Neumark Wascher, 2008). As indicated by The Wall Street Journal (2009), Economists for the Federal Reserve looked into more than 100 scholarly investigations on the effect of the lowest pay permitted by law and discovered overpowering proof that lower talented and youthful laborers have expanded paces of joblessness when there is a higher the lowest pay permitted by law. These laborers are laid off as their boss finds that the employee’s work does not merit the necessary age, however also managers are filling these occupations with higher talented work (Garfield, 1996). Furthermore, numerous others called attention to the significance of the passage level employments and saw that the loss of these occupations would negatively affect the improvement of a decent hard working attitude in youthful laborers (Irvin, 2009). 2. Move the expense to customers The expansion in the lowest pay permitted by law has made a considerable lot of these private ventures raise their costs just to take care of expenses (Messerli, 2009). As work is a factor of creation, an expansion in the normal expense of work will push up the unit cost of items. With the diligent increment in the general value level, there will be at a danger of swelling. 3. Hard for independent ventures to get by in the market Some private ventures may think that its hard to make due in the economy since they can't stand to pay the lowest pay permitted by law specified by the law. It hinders their odds of development and in this way hampers the monetary development in the bigger setting. In spite of the fact that a portion of these organizations would charge higher to the purchasers, customers may in the long run conclude that the significant expenses can't be defended and the independent company is compelled to close (Messerli, 2009). 4. Shadow work markets may create Due to the overflow of work, more individuals are happy to work at the base cost than bosses are eager to recruit, and all things considered, laborers will attempt to sell their administrations at unlawfully low costs. These laborers are frequently, particularly in America, illicit outsiders who are employed for charge paying residents. This will cause a diminishing in charge income as more laborers are not announcing their wages, and an expansion in the measure of joblessness benefits the legislature should pay out. The lowest pay permitted by law benefits the individuals who are utilized at it and drawbacks the individuals who free out on potential business on account of managers employing from a shadow work showcase. The impact of least wages on joblessness will rely upon the flexibility of interest for work. In the event that the interest for work is inelastic, the presentation f least wages will just expand joblessness a bit. Occupation misfortunes may essentially be because of the expansion in labor cost which would bring about a lower interest for work. **** 5. Contortion to the free market Minimum wages are a boundary to the free market. On the off chance that the lowest pay permitted by law is set over the market clearing value, it will bring about rising joblessness. A few firms will pass judgment on the o pen door cost of recruiting an additional representative excessively high and this may keep a few laborers from securing positions who in any case would ordinarily discover it. In a thoroughly free market, they might be happy to acknowledge lower compensation. Nonetheless, regardless of whether the counterfeit boundary were absent, the activity of worker's guilds would extraordinarily constrain the pay decrease that laborers would endure. Instead of have the total of the laborers in an association accept a decrease in salary, almost certainly, some will be terminated and the rest will proceed with work at a similar compensation rate. This implies even in a free market, the proposal of lower wages can bring about joblessness because of the impact of clingy compensation. Similarly, now and again, when wages drop excessively low, individuals are eager to swear off work. This is on the grounds that the advantages of being utilized are not really more prominent than the joblessness benefits they would get something else. This is known as the joblessness trap and its outcome is that even in a free market, if the harmony cost is excessively low, joblessness will rise. For the two previously mentioned reasons it is difficult to state that the inconvenience of a lowest pay permitted by law will cause higher joblessness than if compensation were left to the imperceptible hand of the free market. Reference: Garfield, R. , (1996). â€Å"The Case Against a Higher Minimum Wage†. Recovered March 9, 2012, from http://www. house. gov/jec/cost-gov/regs/least/against/against. htm International Labor Office (2005). World work report 2004-05: business, profitability and neediness decrease. , p. p. 31. Irvin, M. , (2009). â€Å"Minimum Wage Increase Pleases Workers, But Employers Not So Happy†. Recovered March 8, 2012, from http://blog. al. com/live/2009/07/minimum_wage_increase_pleases. html Messerli, J. (2009). â€Å"Should the Minimum Wage be Abolished (I. e. Diminished to $0. 00)? †. Recovered March 9, 2012, from http://www. balancedpolitics. organization/minimum_wage. htm Neumark, David (Editor); Wascher, William L. (Editorial manager). Least Wages. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2008. p. 104-105, 189-190, 258-259. The Wall Street Journal, (2009, October). â€Å"The Young and the Jobless†, The Wall Street Journal, at A12. Recovered March 12, 2012, from h ttp://on the web. wsj. com/article/SB10001424052970203440104574402820278669840. html Step by step instructions to refer to Pros and Cons of Minimum Wage, Essay models

Definition and Examples of Alliteration in English

Definition and Examples of Alliteration in English Similar sounding word usage (otherwise called head rhyme, introductory rhyme, or front rhyme) is a gadget in composed and communicated in dialects in which a series of words and expressions rehashes a similar letter or letter blends. Quite a bit of childrens verse utilizes similar sounding word usage: Peter Piper picked a peck of salted peppers is a significant tongue-twister instructed to English-talking kids. It is at first alliterative on the letter p-and inside redundant on the letters p and ck. In any case, it isnt the particular letter that makes an expression alliterative, it is the sound: so you could state that the alliterative capacity of Peter and his peppers incorporates the p_k and p_p sounds. Which means in Poetry Similar sounding word usage is presumably regularly utilized for funny reasons, to inspire a snicker in youngsters, however in gifted hands, it can mean a considerable amount more. In The Bells American artist Edgar Allan Poe notably utilized it to outline the passionate intensity of various kinds of ringers: Hear the sledges with their chimes Silver bells!What a universe of happiness their tune foretells!Hear the noisy alarum ringers Brazen bells!What story of dread, presently, their turbulency tells! Lyricist Stephen Stills utilized a blend of hard and softâ c sounds and l sounds to outline the passionate confusion of a couple of sweethearts cutting off their association in Heartlessly Hoping. Notice that the c sounds are the tangled storyteller, and the l sound is that of his woman. Remain by the flight of stairs youll see something sure to tell youConfusion has its costLove isnt lying its free in a woman who lingersSaying she is lostAnd gagging on hi In Hamilton, Lin-Manuel Mirandas visit de-power Broadway melodic, Aaron Burr sings: Continually befuddling, perplexing the British henchmen  Everyone surrender it for America’s most loved battling Frenchman! In any case, it tends to be a serious unobtrusive device too. In the model beneath, writer Robert Frost utilizes w as a delicate memory of calm winter days in Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening: He won't see me halting hereto watch his woods top off with day off The Science of Alliteration The rehashing examples of sound including similar sounding word usage have been attached to the maintenance of data, as a mental helper that assists individuals with reviewing an expression and its significance. In an examination led by etymologists Frank Boers and Seth Lindstromberg, individuals who were learning English as a subsequent language thought that it was simpler to hold the significance of informal expressions that included similar sounding word usage, for example, from column to post and duplicates and sparkling clean. Psycholinguistics studies, for example, that by P.E. Bryant and partners recommends that youngsters with an affectability to rhyme and similar sounding word usage figure out how to understand sooner and more quickly than the individuals who dont, considerably more than those deliberate against IQ or instructive foundation. Latin and Other Languages Similar sounding word usage is utilized by scholars of most Indo-European dialects, including English, Old English, Anglo-Saxon, Irish, Sanskrit, and Icelandic. Similar sounding word usage was utilized by old style Roman composition essayists, and periodically in verse. Most expounding regarding the matter by the Roman themselves portrays the utilization of similar sounding word usage in writing writings, particularly in strict and legitimate recipes. There are a few exemptions, for example, the Roman artist Gnaeus Naevius:â libera lingua loquemur ludis LiberalibusWe will talk with a free tongue at the celebration of Liber. Furthermore, Lucretius in De Rerum Natura utilizes it to full impact, with a rehashed p sound that imitates the sound of mightyâ ker-plunking sprinkles made by goliaths crossing tremendous seas: Denique mongrel homines tantos natura pararenon potuit, pedibus qui pontum per vada possenteAnd why can’t nature make men so largethat they cross the profundities of the ocean with their feet Sources Blake, N.F. Rhythmical Alliteration. Present day Philology 67.2 (1969): 118-24. Print.Boers, Frank, and Seth Lindstromberg. Discovering Ways to Make Phrase-Learning Feasible: The Mnemonic Effect of Alliteration. Framework 33.2 (2005): 225-38. Print.Bryant, P.E., et al. Rhyme and Alliteration, Phoneme Detection, and Learning to Read Developmental Psychology 26.3 (1990): 429-38. Print.Clarke, W. M. Purposeful Alliteration in Vergil and Ovid. Latomus 35.2 (1976): 276-300. Print.Duncan, Edwin. Metrical and Alliterative Relationships in Old English and Old Saxon Verse. Studies in Philology 91.1 (1994): 1-12. PrintLanger, Kenneth. Some Suggestive Uses of Alliteration in Sanskrit Court Poetry. Diary of the American Oriental Society 98.4 (1978): 438-45. Print.Lea, R. Brooke, et al. Sweet Silent Thought: Alliteration and Resonance in Poetry Comprehension. Mental Science 19.7 (2008): 709-16. Print.

Can tutoring really raise Critical Reading scores

Im writing this in response to the SAT Reading vs. Math post over at Kitchen Table Math. In case you dont want to read the entire post, the gist of it was essentially that college tend to be more impressed by high Critical Reading scores than they are by high Math scores because SAT Reading scores essentially cant be raised through tutored (although Catherine was nice enough to cite me as the exception to that rule!). So, as someone who spends a good deal of time on this purportedly impossible task, my response to the assertion that CR is somehow un-tutorable would be no and yes. Or rather, it depends. Before I launch into my reasons, however, Id like to say that tutoring CR is one of the hardest parts of my job. For starters, its completely exhausting I spent about three-and-a-half hours one day this past weekend just doing CR (one of those hours was devoted *just* to working on how to determine a main point), and I had to go home and sleep afterward. Teaching CR ruins me for the day; it wears me out mentally so much that I often just have to wander around the city aimlessly for a few hours to recover. Dont get me wrong: I enjoy teaching it, and when I finally have a breakthrough with someone, its hugely rewarding. But it is hard. I think that this is because teaching CR at least the way I do it is not just about the SAT; its actually about teaching people to read closely (Dont tell me approximately what the author says. Look at the passage no, look at the passage and tell me exactly what the author is saying. Exactly as in word for word.) and to draw relationships between specific words and their functions or the more abstract categories they represent (Yes, the passage talks specifically about women artists, but the fact that theyre referred to as a group of individuals in the answer choice doesnt mean you should eliminate it. Think about whom that phrase is referring to). A few of my students see these relationships naturally. Most do not. Some lack the decoding skills to even begin to draw these relationships, but the majority fall some somewhere in between. But back to the original question: when it tutoring effective for raising a CR score, and when is it not? My first response would be, define raise. Are we talking 50 points? 100 points? 200 points? Most people will get something out of high-quality tutoring, but its probably unrealistic to expect someone with a 550 to try for an 800 at least in the short term. And the higher scores go, the harder it is to raise them the margin of error is so tiny, sometimes even a question or two out of 67, that it almost comes down to chance. (For the record, I have gotten people from the mid-600s to 800, but they had virtually no comprehension problems and were willing to work very, very carefully and do everything I said). The second thing I would say is that the crucial factor isnt the persons baseline score but rather their actual skill at understanding relationships between words (for sentence completions) and comprehending the meaning of relatively sophisticated texts. Kids who have no trouble understanding what the passages are literally saying but who work too quickly and fall for wrong answers because they dont read carefully or think through the questions probably have at least the potential to score in the high 600s or 700s. Ive had students in this category who started around 500 (junior PSAT) and ended up close to 700 (senior SAT). On the other hand, someone with a poor vocabulary and trouble perceiving relationships between words, plus weak comprehension skills is probably not going to make it past 600 with strategy-based tutoring alone. If the person is willing to spend very significant amounts of time reading and working on vocabulary independently, thats a different story, but that is not realistically the case for most high school juniors. Ive helped students in that situation move from the low to the high 500s, but they all got stuck below the 600 line. In that case, the SAT does precisely what it was designed to do: it reveals persistent weaknesses in comprehension, and theres really no way to beat it past a certain point. So in general, I think that high-quality CR tutoring can be effective insofar as it allows people to take the fullest advantage of the reading skills they do have. But the 600 and 700 walls are there for a reason students who dont read much on their own and who dont really understand how texts work (how authors play with language to convey a point, how very common words can be used in unexpected ways to mean different things, and how specific phrasings relate to broader concepts), and no amount of test-prep alone will typically get them past it.

Qué es USCIS, qué hace y cómo contactar con una oficina

El Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a de los Estados Unidos (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) es la agencia federal encargada de gestionar todos los trà ¡mites relacionados con la inmigracià ³n legal. Todos los migrantes legales deben hacer trà ¡mites con el USCIS, al igual que los ciudadanos americanos que desean pedir los papeles para un familiar. Por esta razà ³n, es importante conocer cuà ¡les son los trà ¡mites de los que se ocupa USCIS, dà ³nde està ¡n ubicadas sus oficinas,  cà ³mo contactar para obtener informacià ³n y, finalmente, en quà © consiste la verificacià ³n de antecedentes penales (background check, en inglà ©s) que realiza esta agencia y cà ³mo saber lo que esta agencia sabe de cada migrante. Qu hace USCIS y cules son los tiempos de espera en sus trmites USCIS se ocupa de asuntos muy variados. Por ejemplo, es el organismo que estudia y aprueba o deniega las solicitudes de tarjeta de residencia permanente, conocida  como green card, por peticià ³n de un familiar o de una empresa. USCIS gestiona las solicitudes de adquisicià ³n de la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n o la aprobacià ³n de visas temporales de trabajo. Tambià ©n se encuentra dentro de las competencias de USCIS aprobar permisos de trabajo (EAD, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), programas especiales de proteccià ³n a migrantes como, por ejemplo, VAWA para và ­ctimas de violencia domà ©stica, TPS, para ciudadanos de paà ­ses en situacià ³n de catà ¡strofe humanitaria, o DACA, para jà ³venes indocumentados que llegaron a Estados Unidos siendo nià ±os. Asimismo, USCIS gestiona el programa e-verify para determinar que una persona està ¡ autorizada para trabajar legalmente en Estados Unidos. Por à ºltimo, entre otros trà ¡mites  frecuentes tambià ©n destacan la gestià ³n de los casos de asilo afirmativo, los de adopcià ³n internacional y  las solicitudes de advance parole, para permitir salir de Estados Unidos y su regreso sin problemas. En cuanto al tiempo de demora para que USCIS apruebe o deniegue un trà ¡mite hay que decir claramente que no hay una respuesta à ºnica, ya que depende del tipo de trà ¡mite. En su pà ¡gina oficial se pueden verificar tiempos aproximados, una vez que se sabe el centro que gestiona el trà ¡mite y el nombre del documento del tipo de peticià ³n o solicitud. Por ejemplo, I-130 para el caso de peticiones de un familiar, N-600 para la naturalizacià ³n, etc. En todo caso es necesario destacar que si se trata de una peticià ³n de familia donde hay un là ­mite  de solicitudes que pueden ser aprobadas por aà ±o fiscal, como es el caso de todas las peticiones de residentes o en las peticiones de ciudadanos para hijos mayores de 21 aà ±os o casados o para sus hermanos hay que esperar mà ¡s. Es decir, hay que esperar a que exista cupo para lo cual es mà ¡s indicativo verificar las fechas que publica el Departamento de Estado cada mes en el Boletà ­n de Visas. En relacià ³n a los trà ¡mites que se realizan con USCIS, se debe  recordar que todos los formularios oficiales son gratis y pueden descargarse de su pà ¡gina oficial, incluso admitià ©ndose casos de e-file. Ademà ¡s, en ciertos casos es posible solicitar una exencià ³n para no pagar la tarifa que requiere el caso. Asimismo, se debe  insistir que todos los documentos que se presentan en espaà ±ol, como por ejemplo, las partidas de nacimiento o matrimonio, deben ir acompaà ±ados de una traduccià ³n al inglà ©s, que debe ser certificada. Por à ºltimo, tener en cuenta que cuando el USCIS deniega una peticià ³n es posible apelarla en algunos casos. Oficinas de USCIS y cmo obtener informacin En la actualidad, USCIS cuenta con mà ¡s de 19.000 empleados repartidos en aproximadamente 200 oficinas, algunas de las cuales se encuentran ubicadas fuera de los Estados Unidos. Desde el punto de vista orgà ¡nico, el USCIS pertenece al Departamento de Seguridad Interna, conocido en inglà ©s por sus siglas de DHS. Lo importante es enviar los formularios y la documentacià ³n de apoyo a la direccià ³n correcta, que va a depender de dos factores: el tipo de solicitud y el lugar en el que se reside habitualmente. Todos los formularios especifican claramente este punto, y tambià ©n se establece una distincià ³n segà ºn el tipo de envà ­o: ordinario o urgente. Tambià ©n es posible solicitar informacià ³n del USCIS. Si es de carà ¡cter general, se puede acudir a una de sus oficinas locales con servicio de atencià ³n al pà ºblico, aunque es recomendable que se abstengan de esto los migrantes indocumentados. Otra opcià ³n para no esperar es realizar una cita previa mediante el sistema de INFOPASS. Si la pregunta que se desea realizar es sobre un caso concreto se puede marcar  a USCIS al 1-800-375-5283 para lo cual es necesario tener a mano el nà ºmero de caso, que se puede encontrar en la carta en la que USCIS notifica que ha recibido los papeles para una peticià ³n o solicitud. Asimismo, con esa informacià ³n es posible obtener informacià ³n và ­a Internet. En qu consiste la verificacin de antecedentes penales que realiza USCIS Para realizar los trà ¡mites, USCIS pide frecuentemente datos biomà ©tricos, como foto y huellas dactilares de la persona para quien se solicita un beneficio migratorio. Esos datos le sirven para verificar los posibles antecedentes penales de una persona. Es lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como background check. Esto consiste en cotejar las huellas digitales con las bases de datos de otras agencias federales y tambià ©n enviarlas al FBI para determinar si la persona que solicita el beneficio migratorio ha sido arrestada o detenida en el pasado y, en caso afirmativo, la causa. Ademà ¡s, se envà ­a informacià ³n biogrà ¡fica a otro departamento del FBI para que lleve a cabo la verificacià ³n del nombre para determinar si la persona es un delincuente, se tiene sospechas sobre ella o se le considera un riesgo para la seguridad de Estados Unidos. Todas las personas con un expediente presente o pasado en USCIS que desean saber cuà ¡l es su contenido pueden solicitar dicha informacià ³n mediante lo que se conoce como FOIA. El formulario a llenar es el G-639. La direccià ³n a la que se debe enviar es: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration ServicesNational Records Center, FOIA/PA OfficeP.O. Box 648010Lees Summit, MO 64064-8010 Cmo evitar problemas con USCIS y fraudes En asuntos migratorios es fundamental llenar bien los formularios de peticià ³n y enviar a tiempo la documentacià ³n de apoyo. No es necesario usar los servicios de un abogado pero es recomendable, particularmente en los casos que no està ¡n claros y pueden dar lugar a interpretacià ³n.   Datos sobre buenos abogados de inmigracià ³n pueden obtenerse en la base de datos de AILA. Tambià ©n se recomienda verificar la reputacià ³n de un abogado en el BAR (colegio de abogados) del estado. Finalmente, tambià ©n se puede obtener informacià ³n para buenas referencias o letrados pro bono en asociaciones de defensa de los intereses legales de los migrantes. Debe desconfiarse de los llamados notarios, que no pueden ejercer como abogados en Estados Unidos y de todas las personas que prometen resultados porque supuestamente conocen a alguien dentro de USCIS. Esos casos son fraudes. Finalmente, USCIS no se dedica a juzgar casos migratorios ya que eso es competencia de las cortes y del Board de Apelaciones (BIA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Tampoco se ocupa de arrestos ni de ejecutar deportaciones ni de guardar la frontera, que es competencia de ICE y la CBP. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

American Culture And Its Impact On American Society

My topic of interest is regarding how have Hispanics began to enter American Society and how have they assimilated or integrated to become part of it? Hispanics are a minority group who have overcome many struggles and stereotypes throughout history. It is important to know how it all started and how they managed to become such a huge part of todays society. Hispanics Americans constitute more than 15% of the U.S population, and the number is still growing. It is the country’s largest ethnic minority group. When Hispanics enter into the American mainstream, their main assimilation obstacle is acquiring the English language. Their native language is Spanish, so when they come to the United states they are are faced with many struggles as to finding jobs in which would allow them to only speak Spanish. They would have to learn the American language in order to succeed and communicate with others who only speak English. Once they have learned English, everything becomes easier a nd more accessible. Many first generation Hispanics don’t make much of an effort to acquire the language as opposed to second and third generation Hispanics. First generations Hispanics prefer to hold on to their roots and would avoid assimilating through language. I. Methodology For this research paper I relied mostly on the database of Hunter’s online library. I used the Soc-INDEX with full-text link in which allows you to browse journal articles, books and conference papers. This linkShow MoreRelatedHip Hop Culture And Its Impact On The American Society895 Words   |  4 PagesEEverything can be defined as a culture as long as a lifestyle is determined by a group of people who integrate the knowledge. Hip-Hop is not only considered as a musical genre, but also a culture. The Hip-Hop culture is an artistic movement that people uses to express themselves by practicing social and artistic habits. Some of these habits include dancing, and the art of producing music. DJs and MCs are responsible for producing the music for this group which is defined as rap. MCs, DJs, and B-BoysRead MoreEssay on Impact of Baseball on American Culture and Society1618 Words   |  7 Pages Baseball has for a long time been a staple in the American sporting culture as baseball and America have grown up together. Exploring the different ages and stages of American society, reveals how baseball has served as both a public reflection of, and vehicle for, the evolution of American culture and society. Many American ways including our landscapes, traditional songs, and pastimes all bear the mark of a game that continues to beRead MorePermanent Impact of the Counter-Culture on Todays American Society1953 Words   |  8 Pagesillusionary is the reality of a new culture of opposition. It grows out of the disintegration of the old forms, vinyl and aerosol institutions that carry all the inane and destructive values of privatism; competition, commercialism, profitability and elitismÂ…Its not a youth thing by now but a generational event; chronological age is the only current phase. The previous quote was written by Andrew Kopkind in Rolling Stone on the Woodstock festival observing that a n ew culture was immersing from the rootsRead MoreAmerican Culture And Business Culture1719 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This report consists of the issues on whether it can or cannot be argued that culture shapes the way business is done in a country. The country that is focused in this report is America. It also discusses on the major distinguishing features of American culture and business culture in comparison to current Australian culture. The impact that culture has on business performance is also taken into consideration and how this affects the performance of the staff members and their work.Read MoreInfluence Of Mass Media885 Words   |  4 Pages Mass Media: Development and Literacy Alicia Nunez HUM/186 Media Influences on American Culture 8/21/2017 Allyson Wells Mass Media: Development and Literacy In the last century mass media has went from paper to digital, these major developments have influenced American culture in many ways. Newspapers have been around from the beginning they provide readers with information of practical value such as; television schedules, weather maps, and listings of stock prices. In additionRead MoreAmerican Culture Vs. American Society1496 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Culture in comparison to Australian Culture American society is incorporated of traditions and conventions including language, religion, food, expressions and patriotism. It is accepted via scientists that almost every area of the world has impacted American culture, it is known as the nation of settlers. U.S. culture is basically moulded by the societies of Native Americans, Latin Americans, Africans and Asians. The United States is sometimes known as a melting point in which diverseRead MoreHmong Culture : Influences On A European American Society1488 Words   |  6 PagesThe Hmong Culture: Influences in a European American Society The Hmong people do not call any one country home, but have relocated several times throughout history due to war and political oppression. An article published in the Journal of Multicultural counseling and Development finds that the Hmong primarily lived in Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand. They had a great impact in helping western forces during the Vietnam War, and wars in Laos in efforts to end Communism. The article continues and describesRead MoreAfrican Of African American Culture1572 Words   |  7 PagesThere is no doubt that African Americans have a rich cultural background and history like the many different ethnic groups who settled in the New World, whose origins lie in another country. For this reason, America was known as the melting pot. However, the backgrounds of each of these cultures were not always understood or, in the case of African Americans, accepted among the New World society and culture. Americans were ignorant to the possibility of differences among groups of people until informationRead MoreMass Media and Popular Culture953 Words   |  4 PagesPopular Culture March, 2009 Let us face the facts, mass media and popular culture need each other to coexist. Furthermore, in todays society the mass media serves the interest of popular culture. Moreover, it is the vehicle of free speech in a diverse, multicultural society. In addition, mass media refers to communication via radio, televisions, movie theaters, television, newspapers, magazines, and, etc; thereby, reaching out to the larger audience. On the contrary, popular culture can referRead MoreSocial And Economic Factors Of The American Youth889 Words   |  4 PagesIn the American society, many adolescents are living in the generation where privilege is always handed to them. However, this need to be privileged has created a negative impact on the American youth. Many are becoming ignorant toward the ongoing challenges that other adolescents face such as hunger and poverty. Living in a privileged environment protects these ignorant adolescents from these prevailing challenges. Nowadays the Amer ican youth is more concerned about the social life of famous

Positive Accounting Theory and Science

Question: Discuss about the Positive Accounting Theory and Science. Answer: Introduction Every scientific research project in order to be successful requires the series of steps to be undergone. This series of steps depends upon the nature and the type of the research being undertaken. If the research is related to the topic which is more prevalent then the researcher will have enough material to conduct the research in the best manner but in case the topic of the research is not so prevalent and is new and is not very common to known to everyone then the researcher have to obtain number of documents and conduct number of experiments through which the researcher can reach the conclusion (Christensen,2016). In this report, the topic that the researcher has chosen is the positive accounting research. Though the positive accounting theory is known to everyone but treating the same as positive accounting research has created the wave among almost most of the economist and the accountants. The main argument of the author is that the positive accounting research is a part of t he wider scientific project in the sense that it will help in understanding the cause and effect relationship of the behavior that may changes in the organization. Thats why the topic of the report has been chosen as the Positive Accounting Research being the part of the wider scientific project. This report will start from the introduction detailing main argument which has been followed throughout the study. Then the summary of the whole research paper has been mentioned including the arguments and the contribution if any made by the study. Thirdly, the major issue for which the research has been undertaken has been defined. In this the review has been detailed of the value that the article has given to its users. Fourthly, the research structure has been detailed and how the same has helped the researcher to go to the research element. Fifthly, the importance of the research paper and its significance has been detailed with reference to the authors acknowledgement as different way s and in different manner. The study has then been concluded with the remarks as per the analysis and interpretation so made from the research paper. With these considerations, this review has been conducted and prepared. The positive accounting research has been emphasized through the whole of the study. The author has tried to bridge the gap between the research and theory relating to the positive accounting and has kept the positive accounting research over the positive accounting theory. The positive accounting research program is in itself is the wider topic and which the author has seemed it as the wider scientific project. In order to establish that the positive accounting research is the wider scientific project, the author has gone through the number of stories and has assumed that the human behavior is rational. He has not only referred through the number of theories but also has taken up the statistical measures to check whether the research problem has received the positive results or negative results (Hauschild and Reimsbach , 2015). Thus, in this way the author has focused on the main argument of the study. Further in the study he has argues that the positive accounting theory takes into account only the financial matters to analyze and interpret the behavior of the individuals but in the research paper he has very well explained that apart from the financial matters, the non financial perspectives on behalf of the individual should be analyzed and included in the study to formulate the better opinion and he has done the same in his paper. The study so made by author has given very wide contribution to the large and complex organizations in understanding the behavior pattern of the employees of the organization and what are the factors which led them to perform their functions in relations to the accounts in a particular way. And to further support this, the author has used the example of relationship as auditor and auditee and has conducted the statistical tests to know whether the program will be able to understand the cause and effect relationship of the individual. Thus, to summarize the paper, the research has contributed towards the finance and accounting are a. Value of Question of Research Every research has its own question and in order to resolve that the researcher performs the research conducts various experiments and interpret the results to the community affected thereby. As the topic of the research suggest, the question of research is more inclined on the term positive accounting research rather than the positive accounting theory (Kabir, 2011). The first and foremost question of the research is that the positive accounting research is the part of the huge scientific project. The said question has been construed by the author. He further argued that it is the science which can explain the reasons for happening or non happening of the certain event. Similarly in order to have the understanding of the fact that how the behavior of the individuals so employed and paid in the organization affects the preparation and finalization of the financial statements, the positive accounting theory have to be first construed as the bigger and huge scientific project for which the detailed study has to be made and that too with the help of lots of theories and the lots of the explanations. Thereafter, the author has second question which has led to the research. It says that while understanding the behavior of the individuals employed and paid in the organization, for performing the functions of the finance and help the company to prepare the financial statements, not only the financial matters to be considered but also the non financial and others matters should be considered to analyze and interpret the human behavior in the letter and spirit and that too with the proper and due reasons for happening or non happening in the setting of accounts or financials of the organizations. These are mainly for the people who operate the large and complex organizations. The third question of research is that the author has is whether the positive accounting research if undertaken as the wider scientific project has the capabilities of being the good scientific pro ject and he has argued and followed all the three questions of research throughout the study and at the end has very well mentioned that the positive accounting research project has not been the successful for not having the requirements as listed in the last section of the research paper. In this way, the research question has gained the value throughout the study and the author has maintained the rhythm and sequence of continuing the same. Structure of the Research Every research whether scientific or not shall follow the proper structure and it shall be in the chronological with the proper sequence otherwise it will not make the reader irritated but also the researcher as to how everything is going and will end up with the closing of research. The author has started developing the plan out after mentioning that the positive accounting research is the wider scientific project which will help not only in clearly understanding the behavior of the organization but also in understanding the reasons for happening or non happening of the same (Ghanbari, 2016). Thereafter, the author has started from the scientific hypothesis of imaginary world which is outside the control of anyone and states that: World of particular or different community exists Events that may happen in this world has so happened only because of the World only Any common man can infer the observations of the event so happened in the world and The main utilization of these observations is to have an understanding of the cause and effect relationship of each and every event so occurred. He has not stopped with this theory, now has argued with the old theory of group of people known as sophists which claims that: In this world nothing exists In case something do in place then no one can say he has knowledge of it In case he says that he does not have any knowledge of it then he will end up without communicating the same to other community in the world (Williams, 2012). He argued that both the theories have different ways of explanation and have different meanings. In order to have further understanding he argued that if such theory exists then the author would not be able to reach the conclusion. He has then mentioned the philosophies of old people stating that some people even refrain from seeing the telescope developed by the Galileo because of the fact that along with the good things the bad things can also be seen. Continuing with the same he has then totally changed the framework from old theories to the examples given by other premier authors. One of the main citations is of Watts and Zimmerman who states that the positive accounting research will be broader in its view and concept than the concept of positive accounting theory. At the end he claims that anything which describes the cause and effect relationship of anything can easily be defined as the scientific research. Research Significance The author has although used many theories, old or new, and many understandings but have mentioned the limitations too in the paper. He at the first stated that positive accounting research cannot be treated as scientific project. This statement has been drawn by the author on the basis of different facts and figures at different point of discussions. At first when he has stated the different theories of old scientific imaginations and that of the sophists he stated that if the research will conducted through this way then in no way the he would be able to perform and complete the research in an efficient and the effective manner. Further when was explaining the different examples given by the various authors including Watts and Zimmerman, he has stated that if some extra procedures would have been taken by the author then the research would have been completed in the different manner and would have given the better results to the users of the same mainly large and complex organizati ons. Third acknowledgement that the author has made in the paper at the time of describing the Kuhn Model (Trang and Thao, 2016). After describing the Kuhn model he has stated that the same cannot be fit in the scientific model and thus has served no purpose in the completion of the research. Last limitation that has duly acknowledged by the author and has been considered by him as relevant as it has hampered his study in all the ways. After describing the Popper criteria of hypothesis, he has stated that the theory which itself cannot be disproved can never be considered as the theories. After this statement, he has stated that although the study has been able to contribute to the field but has ended up with irrelevant conclusion because of the development of an ineffective research program. This has further led the author to mention the factors which shall be considered while developing any effective research program. Thus, in this way the limitations have been mentioned in the pa per. Apart from the above, the study has received the significance from across the world specially from the complex organizations who are now considering the same as the part of the internal control system as the organizations will be able to know how the employees of the company are working in regard to the account settings. Conclusion Positive Accounting theory has been considered as narrow and short concept in front of the positive accounting research project. The positive accounting research has been regarded as the best way to analyze and interpret the behavior of the organization to analyze why such kind of behavior has happened and why such behavior has caused the various effects in the account settings. The same fact has been analyzed and interpreted throughout the study so that the organizations will be able to understand the cause and effect relationship. Various theories have been mentioned along with the statistical methods for testing the viability of the project. To conclude, the study was detailed and has helped many organizations to develop sound internal control system. References Christensen, H.B, (2016). Accounting information in financial contracting: The incomplete contract theory perspectiveJournal of Accounting Research,54, 399-424. Kabir H, (2011), Positive Accounting Theory and Science, available at https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjsj8vtt63TAhXFto8KHdnUA-oQFggsMAEurl=http%3A%2F%2Fcentrumwebs.pucp.edu.pe%2Fjcc%2Fdownload%2FfkAdf7sgitL2hEhNjN6NG6IR8_zLpDiuY-manPR1sDI%252Cusg=AFQjCNEUgpMfpj30pYQTWaUdvsNuJsqoQw accessed on 18-04-2017. Ghanbari, M., (2016), PAT (Positive Accounting Theory) and Natural Science available at https://www.irjabs.com/files_site/paperlist/r_2849_160224091446.pdf accessed on 14/04/2017.. Hauschild B and Reimsbach D, (2015), Testing vs Building accounting theory with Experimental Research: Insights from management research, Journal of Behavioral Accounting and Finance, Vol.1, 83-89 Trang T and Thao P, (2016), Positive Accounting An effective trend for Vietnamese Accounting in the New Area, available at https://www.rusnauka.com/29_PMN_2015/Economics/7_198718.doc.htm accessed on 17/04/2017. Williams P, (2012), The Logic of Positive Accounting Research, Journal of Accounting Organizations and Society, Vol. 14, 5-9